The correct answer is C. The DATA step and PROC PRINT steps ran without errors. In the SAS log shown, there is a clear error in the PROC SORT step because of the use of an incorrect option by ascending Increase which caused the " Variable ASCENDING not found " error. However, the DATA step completed successfully, as indicated by the " NOTE " that follows it, confirming that 56 observations were read from the SASHELP.SHOES data set where Region is Africa. Additionally, the PROC PRINT step also completed successfully, indicated by the " NOTE " at the bottom of the log which confirms that 56 observations were read from the WORK.AFRICA data set, implying the PROC PRINT step executed without issue.

A is incorrect because the error in PROC SORT did not cause the program to stop; SAS continued processing the next steps. B is incorrect because the PROC SORT step did not run successfully. D is incorrect because the PROC PRINT step did not fail; it ran successfully.

References:

SAS documentation on error messages.

Understanding the SAS log and error messages.

The PROC PRINT statement is used for printing SAS datasets. To customize the column headers in the report, you use the label statement within the PROC PRINT procedure to assign new labels to variables, and the label option in the PROC PRINT to activate these labels. The noobs option suppresses the printing of observation numbers in the report.

Option B has the correct syntax for what is being requested:

proc print data=cities label noobs; specifies the dataset to print with the label option to display variable labels and noobs to hide the observation numbers.

label Name= ' Employee Name ' City= ' Birth City ' ; assigns the label ' Employee Name ' to the ' Name ' variable and ' Birth City ' to the ' City ' variable.

run; signifies the end of the PROC PRINT procedure.

Options A, C, and D are incorrect due to syntax errors:

A uses an incorrect option showlabelse instead of label and noobs .

C is incorrect because it lacks the label option in the proc print statement which is necessary to actually display the labels, and the labels are being incorrectly used within the proc print instead of in a label statement.

D has several issues: there is no display statement in SAS, the option noobs should be outside of the proc print statement, and the labels should be defined in a label statement, not within proc print .

References:

SAS 9.4 documentation for the PROC PRINT statement: SAS Help Center: PROC PRINT

In the context of the PROC MEANS procedure in SAS, the CLASS statement is used to specify categorical variables whose unique values group the data before calculating statistics. This allows PROC MEANS to calculate statistics like the mean, sum, or standard deviation for each class or group of data defined by the CLASS variables.

The CLASS statement works as follows:

class variable-list; specifies one or more variables to define groups for analysis.

When used, PROC MEANS computes the requested statistics for each level of the variables listed, which can be very helpful for analyzing how groups compare across different statistics.

The other options are not used in the PROC MEANS procedure to specify grouping of data:

B. GROUP is not a valid statement in PROC MEANS .

C. SUMBY is not a valid statement in SAS.

D. VAR is used in PROC MEANS to specify the analysis variables for which statistics are to be computed, not to group the data.

In the given DATA step, the do weeks=1 to 3; loop iterates three times for each row in the original WORK.RUN dataset, incrementing the miles value by 5 for each iteration and outputting a row after each increment. However, no output; statement is given within the loop to create the extra rows, which means only the last iteration of the loop will be outputted for each original row. Hence, the miles value for each name will be incremented by 15 (5 miles for each of the 3 weeks).

The original data set WORK.RUN has:

John 16

Mary 20

After the DATA step, it should be:

John 31

Mary 35

Each name appears only once because without an explicit output; statement inside the loop, only the final iteration is outputted. The variable weeks is not retained in the output dataset, as it is not used outside the loop and no output statement is used inside the loop. Thus, option D is correct.

References:

SAS documentation on DATA step processing, SAS Institute.

https://documentation.sas.com/?docsetId=proc & docsetTarget=n12jw1r2n7auqqn1urrh8jwezk00.htm & docsetVersion=9.4 & locale=en#:~:text=ASCENDING%20is%20the%20default%20sort%20order. & text=In%20a%20PROC%20SORT%20KEY,is%20sorted%20in%20ascending%20order .

The default sort order for PROC SORT in SAS is ascending. This means that if no other sort order is specified, SAS will arrange the data in ascending order based on the values of the variable(s) listed in the BY statement.

Here ' s an example:

proc sort data=mydata; by variable; run; sorts mydata by variable in ascending order by default.

The other options are incorrect in the context of the default sort order:

A. ' Internal ' is not a sort order.

C. ' Formatted ' refers to sorting data based on formatted values, not the default order.

D. ' Descending ' is an alternative sort order that must be explicitly specified with the DESCENDING keyword.

References:

SAS 9.4 documentation for the PROC SORT statement: [SAS Help Center: PROC SORT]

The report shown in the image is a two-way frequency table generated by the PROC FREQ procedure which shows the frequency and percentage distribution of two categorical variables. The correct answer is option B:

proc freq data=cars; tells SAS to use the PROC FREQ procedure on the dataset cars .

tables make*drivetrain; requests the frequency table for the cross of make and drivetrain . The asterisk (*) denotes a two-way table of the two categorical variables.

run; indicates the end of the proc freq step.

The resulting table in the output has the statistics for Make broken down by Drivetrain category, which matches the structure seen in the provided image.

Options A, C, and D do not correctly request the two-way table of make by drivetrain . Specifically, C and D reverse the order, which would change the orientation of the table in the output, and A is missing the asterisk (*) which is needed for the cross-tabulation of the two variables.

References:

SAS 9.4 documentation for the PROC FREQ statement: SAS Help Center: PROC FREQ

In SAS, footnotes are set using the footnote statement and they will appear on all subsequent output until they are either changed or cleared. Based on the second image provided with the SAS code, the footnote for the second PROC PRINT report is set immediately before it runs.

The code sets footnote1 as ' Created by HR ' and footnote2 as ' Confidential ' initially. However, before the second PROC PRINT step, footnote2 is redefined as ' Draft - Do Not Distribute ' . Since footnote1 is not redefined or cleared, it is no longer in effect for the second report.

Therefore, the only footnote that appears for the second PROC PRINT report is what is defined for footnote2 at that point in the code, which is ' Draft – Do Not Distribute ' . That ' s why the correct answer is D.

References:

SAS 9.4 documentation for the FOOTNOTE statement: SAS Help Center: FOOTNOTE Statement

In the DATA step provided, average is calculated using the mean function, which calculates the average of the non-missing values of the variables listed. The variables provided are:

var1 = 2

var2 = 4

var3 = .

var4 = 6

The mean function in SAS ignores missing values, represented by a period ( . ). Hence, the average is computed using the non-missing values (2, 4, and 6). The mean of these three numbers is calculated as: (2 + 4 + 6) / 3 = 12 / 3 = 4

Therefore, the value of average is 4.

References:

SAS documentation on the MEAN function, SAS Institute.

The PROC SORT statement that specifies the sort variable is: BY

The BY statement in PROC SORT is used to specify the variable(s) by which the data should be sorted.