Detailed Explanation:

The New High-New Low (NH-NL) index is a cumulative line or a histogram representing market breadth. Unlike oscillators (such as RSI or Stochastics) which have bounded ranges (0 to 100) and defined overbought/oversold levels, the NH-NL line is unbounded. Therefore, statement D is incorrect because the NH-NL line does not have standard fixed overbought/oversold levels like 80/20.

Detailed Explanation:

The Evening Doji Star consists of three candles. The first is a long white candle, the second is a Doji that gaps up (middle position), and the third is a black candle. The Doji in the middle signifies the moment of indecision at the top.

Detailed Explanation:

Charles Dow believed that the closing price was the ultimate valuation of the market for the day, representing the final commitment of traders. Dow Theory signals are generated exclusively based on closing prices.

Detailed Explanation:141

This is the principle of Polarity. Once a support level is broken, the market142 psychology shifts. Investors who bought at support are now losing money and will look to sell if the price rallies back to "break even." Thus, the broken support becomes resistance.

Detailed Explanation:

Greed often leads to excessive risk-taking. Leveraging (borrowing money) and Pyramiding (adding to positions aggressively) can lead to margin calls or wipeouts during minor counter-trend corrections, causing the investor to lose capital even if the long-term trend eventually goes their way.

Detailed Explanation:

The NASDAQ Composite is a market-capitalization weighted index. Larger companies (like Apple, Microsoft) have a proportionally larger impact on the index's movement than smaller companies.

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Detailed Explanation:

The old market adage that "gaps are always filled" is technically incorrect. Breakaway gaps and Runaway (Measuring) gaps often remain unfilled for months or even years during strong trends. Only Common gaps are filled reliably and quickly.

Detailed Explanation:

The Rate of Change (ROC) is a momentum oscillator. If the ROC rallies but forms a peak below the zero line, it indicates that the rally was weak and failed to regain positive momentum (a bear market rally). This failure at resistance (below zero) is a strong bearish continuation signal.

Detailed Explanation:

Dr. Alexander Elder's Force Index combines price change and volume.

Formula: $(Today's Close - Yesterday's Close) \times Today's Volume$.

This matches option A (assuming "subtracting previous... from current"). Note: Option B describes "Prev - Current" which would reverse the sign. Option A describes "Current - Prev".

Detailed Explanation:

Stochastics, Williams %R, and RSI are all price-based momentum oscillators. The Herrick Payoff Index is different because it uses Open Interest (along with price and volume) to measure money flow in futures markets.