The CompTIA Tech+ Study Guide (Exam FC0-U71, 3rd Edition, 2025) defines the least privilege model as:

“One of the key foundations of an authorization system is the least privilege model. This states that users should be granted only the least amount of access required to perform their jobs, and no more. This principle applies to computers, files, databases, and all other available resources.”

This concept ensures that a student cannot access restricted folders such as a teacher’s network folder, because their role does not require that level of access.

Verified Reference:

Chapter 10: Security Concepts and Threats — “Authorization and the Least Privilege Model” (pp. 549–550).

Clicking the lock icon next to a website’s URL allows users to view the security certificate, verify its issuer, expiration date, and encryption level—validating that the site is using HTTPS and is trusted.

“Browsers display a lock symbol for secure (HTTPS) websites. Clicking it reveals the SSL/TLS certificate details to verify the site’s authenticity.” — CompTIA ITF+ Security Essentials

Correct answer: A

Artificial intelligence (AI) powers predictive text by analyzing user input patterns and language models to suggest likely words or phrases.

“AI enables predictive text by using language models and historical input to forecast what the user intends to type next.” — CompTIA ITF+ Emerging Technologies

Correct answer: C

A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is a specialized processor designed to perform calculations related to rendering images and videos. It’s an example of a processing component.

“The GPU is a processor dedicated to graphical computations and image rendering, assisting or replacing the CPU in handling visual data.” — CompTIA ITF+ Hardware Essentials

Correct answer: C

If a USB port is disabled in the BIOS or device manager, the system won’t detect devices connected to it. This is the most likely cause if nothing happens when a USB device is inserted.

“Hardware ports can be disabled via firmware settings or device policies, which prevents detection of peripherals.” — CompTIA ITF+ Hardware Troubleshooting

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is A. CPU. The CPU, or central processing unit, is the processor that controls and directs computer activities. The operating system provides instructions, and the CPU processes them. An HDD stores data, RAM temporarily stores active data and instructions, and a NIC provides network connectivity. Only the CPU executes instructions.

Exact Extract/Reference: The CompTIA Tech+ Study Guide states that the role of the CPU is “to control and direct all the activities of the computer” and that the terms “processor” and “CPU” are interchangeable. It also explains that the processor “just does what it’s instructed to do.”

Browsers store previously loaded pages in their cache to improve performance. If outdated content is cached, clearing the cache forces the browser to load the latest version from the server.

“Clearing the browser cache removes stored versions of web pages and resolves display issues caused by outdated content.” — CompTIA ITF+

Correct answer: C

Personally Identifiable Information (PII) refers to any data that can be used to identify an individual uniquely. Full name and date of birth are classic examples of PII.

“PII includes data such as names, birth dates, Social Security numbers, and other information that can directly or indirectly identify a person.” — CompTIA ITF+ Security Essentials

Correct answers: A and B

A hypervisor is the software or hardware platform that enables virtualization. It allows multiple operating systems (guest OSes) to run on a single physical machine.

“A hypervisor manages virtual machines on a single physical system. It enables the creation and management of guest OS environments.” — CompTIA ITF+

Correct answer: D

To extract specific information from a database, especially recently updated entries, a query is used. Queries filter and retrieve data based on conditions like dates, fields, or status.

“A query is a request for data or information from a database table or combination of tables.” — CompTIA ITF+ Data Management

Correct answer: B