Explanation

This is true.

Explanation

Both customers and shareholders are core stakeholders of a private sector organisation, although this fact appears to be somewhat diluted in the minds of some modern-day academics and commenta-tors. The shareholders are the owners of the business - it is for them that everyone is working and their objective is invariably profit. The profit is derived from religiously focusing on another core stakeholder group - the customers. If either of these two stakeholder groups is ignored, it is unlikely that happy times lie ahead.

Explanation

A competitive exercise is being referred to, in which the seller is under competitive pressure to try to win the business, yet not charge so much they don't win the business. This is commonly known as a 'tender', or 'tender exercise'; also 'competitive bidding' etc.

It is this desire to win profitable business, restricted by an upper limit on price because of competitor behaviour, that forces suppliers to be competitive with their prices. This tension between the bid-der's desire for profit; and the need to be realistic with price, explains why the competitive approach is so highly valued in procurement.

Explanation

Equilibrium price as demand and supply are perfectly balanced.

Equivalium is a made-up word. When I was studying for my MCIPS back in the 1980's it was a re-quirement to undertake a research study. My research was into the monopolistic supply of valium and librium to the UK's National Health Service by a Swiss company called Hofmann la Roche. That research endeared me neither to branded drugs, nor, possibly unfairly, to multinationals.

The likely choice of answers for people who don't know the correct answer is probably between 'equilibrium' and 'clearing'. Clearing would be a logical choice, but it's not the one your assessor re-quires.

Explanation

Gross National Product; Gross Domestic Product.

Seen by some commentators as outdated measures, although it's difficult to know what they should / would be replaced by.

Explanation

CO2 is the correct answer - carbon dioxide.

CO is carbon monoxide; H20 is water (or steam or ice) and CO3 is carbon trioxide.

Explanation

The correct answer simply describes what fiscal policy is.

This topic is often mentioned or discussed in serious radio / TV news broadcasts.

Explanation

This should be an easy QUESTION NO:. The definition describes nicely one possible form of cost-based price. It is important to try to be able to distinguish cost from price.

The 'target cost incentive' method of pricing might have been tempting as an answer, since the defi-nition shown mentions cost, but it mentions neither target nor incentive, and can therefore be ruled out.

And whole life cost is a different concept altogether.

Explanation

All of these are ways of classifying organisations.

Examples: Retailers, SMEs, limited companies, etc

Explanation

The definition shown refers to the word 'price'. The price is what someone will pay for something - the extent to which a customer values something - and the reference to the standard monetary unit refers to, for example, a dollar, a Euro, a dinar or whatever.

The other answers are, to some extent, intended to confuse, as they use some of the words shown in the definition. Care must be taken not to jump to a conclusion here.

The response 'cost' should give pause for thought, as, in a sense, the cost of doing or making some-thing may have value. But value is determined by the customer - this definition is a reference to the value the customer would pay - the price.