The output of the BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) summary shows details about the BGP neighbors of a router, their Autonomous System (AS) numbers, the state of the BGP session, and other metrics like messages received and sent.

From the BGP summary provided:

A.External BGP (EBGP) exchanges routing information.This conclusion can be inferred because the AS numbers for the neighbors are different from the local AS number (65117), which suggests that these are external connections.

B.The BGP session with peer 10.127.0.75 is established.This is indicated by the state/prefix received column showing a numeric value (1), which typically means that the session is established and a number of prefixes has been received.

C.The router 100.64.3.1 has the parameter bfd set to enable.This cannot be concluded directly from the summary without additional context or commands specifically showing BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) configuration.

D.The neighbors displayed are linked to a local router with the neighbor-range set to a value of 4.The neighbor-range concept does not apply here; the value 4 in the 'V' column stands for the BGP version number, which is typically 4.

From the command output shown in the exhibit:

B. The IKE version is 2: This can be deduced from the presence of 'ver=2' in the output, which indicates that IKEv2 is being used.

C. Both IPsec SAs are loaded on the kernel: This is indicated by the line 'npu flags=0x0/0', suggesting that no offload to NPU is occurring, and hence, both Security Associations are loaded onto the kernel for processing.

Fortinet documentation specifies that the version of IKE (Internet Key Exchange) used and the loading of IPsec Security Associations can be verified through the diagnostic commands related to VPN tunnels.

For improving reliability over a lossy IPSec tunnel, the fragmentation and fragmentation-mtu parameters should be configured. In scenarios where there might be issues with packet size or an unreliable network, setting the IPsec phase 1 to allow for fragmentation will enable large packets to be broken down, preventing them from being dropped due to size or poor network quality. The fragmentation-mtu specifies the size of the fragments. This is aligned with Fortinet's recommendations for handling IPsec VPN over networks with potential packet loss or size limitations.

The Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) configuration in the exhibit indicates that 10.1.5.254 is set as the virtual IP (VRIP), commonly serving as the default gateway for the internal network (A). Withvrrp-virtual-macenabled, both FortiGates would use the same virtual MAC address, ensuring a seamless transition during failover (B). The VRRP domain does not use the physical MAC address (C), and the priority settings indicate that FortiGate-A would be the primary router by default due to its higher priority (D).

The reason for the command failure when trying to set the protocol to UDP in theconfig system fortiguardis likely that UDP is not a protocol option in this context. The command syntax might be incorrect or the option to set a protocol for FortiGuard updates might not exist in this manner. So the correct answer is D. udp is not a protocol option.

In the Security Fabric, only the root FortiGate sends logs to FortiAnalyzer (B). Additionally, only FortiGate devices withconfiguration-syncenabled receive and synchronize global Central Management Database (CMDB) objects that the root FortiGate sends (C). FortiGate uses the FortiTelemetry protocol to communicate with other FortiGates, not FortiAnalyzer (A). The last option (D) is incorrect as all FortiGates can collect and forward network topology information to FortiAnalyzer.

References:

• FortiOS Handbook - Security Fabric

To enable AD-VPN, you need to edit an SD-WAN overlay template and enable the Auto-Discovery VPN toggle. This will automatically add the required settings to the IPsec template and the BGP template. You cannot enable AD-VPN directly in the IPsec phase 1 settings using VPN Manager. References := ADVPN | FortiManager 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation