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Navigating Corporate Value Creation: Why True Strategic Judgment Defeats Static Memory Dumps

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Question # 1

Listed Company A has prepared a valuation of an unlisted company. Company B. to achieve vertical integration Company A is intending to acquire a controlling interest in the equity of Company B and therefore wants to value only the equity of Company B.

The assistant accountant of Company A has prepared the following valuation of Company B ' s equity using the dividend valuation model (DVM):

Where:

• S2 million is Company B ' s most recent dividend

• 5% is Company B ' s average dividend growth rate over the last 5 years

• 10% is a cost of equity calculated using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), based on the industry average beta factor

Which THREE of the following are valid criticisms of the valuation of Company B ' s equity prepared by the assistant accountant?

A.

The DVM calculation should use Company A ' s cost of equity rather than Company B ' s cost of equity

B.

It is better to use the present value of earnings rather than present value of dividends to value a controlling interest

C.

The 5% growth rate may not reflect the future growth of Company B.

D.

The beta factor used may not reflect Company B ' s financial risk.

E.

An unlisted company cannot use the capital asset pricing model to calculate its cost of equity

Question # 2

Company A plans to acquire a minority stake in Company B.

The last available share price for Company B was $0.60.  

 

Relevant data about Company B is as follows:

   • A dividend per share of $0.08 has just been paid

   • Dividend growth is expected to be 2% 

   • Earnings growth is expected to be 4%

   • The cost of equity is 15%

   • The weighted average cost of capital is 13%

Using the dividend growth model, what would be the expected change in share price?

A.

$0.03 increase

B.

$0.07 fall

C.

$0.16 increase

D.

$0.14 increase

Question # 3

When valuing an unlisted company, a P/E ratio for a similar listed company may be used but adjustments to the P/E ratio may be necessary.

 

Which THREE of the following factors would justify a reduction in the proxy p/e ratio before use? 

A.

The relative lack of marketability of unlisted company shares.

B.

A lower level of scrutiny and regulation for unlisted companies.

C.

Unlisted companies being generally smaller and less established.

D.

Control premium not being included within the proxy p/e ratio used.

E.

The forecast earnings growth being relatively higher in the unlisted company.

F.

A profit item within the unlisted company ' s latest earnings which will not reoccur.

Question # 4

Which three of the following are most likely be primary objectives for a newly established, unincorporated entity in the service sector?

A.

Increasing the dividend payment year on year

B.

Increasing Revenue

C.

Providing consistently high levels service quality

D.

Maintaining sufficient liquidity in the business to avoid overtrading

E.

Reaching an optimum capital structure

Question # 5

The Board of Directors of a small listed company engaged in exploration are currently considering the future dividend policy of the company. Exploration is considered a high-risk business and consequently the company has a low level of debt finance.

 

Forecasts indicate a period of profit fluctuation in the next few years as the company is planning to embark on a major capital investment project. Debt finance is unlikely to be available due to the project ' s high business risk.

 

Which THREE of the following are practical considerations when determining the company ' s dividend/retention policy? 

A.

The timing and size of the cash flow requirements for the new investment.

B.

The fluctuating nature of the projected future profits.

C.

The legislation and regulation governing distributable profits.

D.

The dividend policies of mature listed multinational companies in the exploration industry. 

E.

The general level of interest rates and the tax savings on interest costs relating to debt finance.

Question # 6

A listed company is financed by debt and equity.

If it increases the proportion of debt in its capital structure it would be in danger of breaching a debt covenant imposed by one of its lenders.

 

The following data is relevant:

  

 

The company now requires $800 million additional funding for a major expansion programme. 

 

Which of the following is the most appropriate as a source of finance for this expansion programme?

A.

Retained earnings

B.

Private placement of a bond

C.

Rights issue

D.

Bank overdraft

Question # 7

XCV can borrow at either 9.5% fixed or the risk-free rate plus 1.3%.

XCV wishes to borrow at a variable rate and thinks that a swap may enable it to do so cheaply

BNM can borrow the same principal sum as XCV It can borrow at 10 5% fixed or the risk-free rate plus 2 1 % BNM wishes to raise fixed rate debt

XCV and BNM have agreed to use an interest rate swap They will share any savings equally

Calculate the effective swap rate that will be paid by XCV.

Give your answer to one decimal place.

Question # 8

The value of a call option will increase because of:

A.

An increase in the strike price.

B.

A decrease in the volatility of the share.

C.

An increase in the time to expiry.

D.

A decrease in the market value of the share

Question # 9

A company ' s current profit before interest and taxation is $1.1 million and it is expected to remain constant for the foreseeable future.

 

The company has 4 million shares in issue on which the earnings yield is currently 10%. It also has a $2 million bond in issue with a fixed interest rate of 5%.

 

The corporate income tax rate is 20% and is expected to remain unchanged.

 

Which of the following is the best estimate of the current share price?

A.

$2.75

B.

$2.50

C.

$2.00

D.

$1.10

Question # 10

A company is based in Country Y whose functional currency is YS. It has an investment in Country Z whose functional currency is ZS This year the company expects to generate ZS20 million profit after tax.

Tax Regime

• Corporate income tax rate in Country Y is 60%

• Corporate income tax rate in Country Z Is 30%

• Full double tax relief is available

Assume an exchange rate of YS1 = ZS5

What is the expected profit after tax in YS if the ZS profit is remitted to Country Y?

A.

YS2 29 million

B.

YS1 60 million

C.

YS6.67 million

D.

YS57.14 million

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